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- right angle to Figs. l and 2,andpartial sec-l lhvrrnn Strarns "nrnnfr RWC@ FRANK A. SCHRAllIM ASD AMBROSIUS MODERY, OF PlllLDF-LPHIA, PA.

PIPE-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,204, dated March 18, 1884.

Applicationiilcd December 7, 1883. `(No model.)

To ali whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK A. Sona-inn;

a subject of Bavaria, having resided one year last past in. the United States, and made oathr of intention to become a citizenl thereof, and AMnnosIUs Mooney, a subject of Baden, both residents of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented -a new and useful improvement in Pipevside elevation and partial section in line y y,

Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a partial side elevation at a tion in line z .5., Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several iigures, Our invention consists of improvements in wrenches, as will be hereinafter fully set forth and definitely claimed.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the handle of the wrench, and B the stationary jaw, which is formed with said handle.

C represents the/movable jaw, which, overhanging the stationary jaw, is pivoted to the base of the stationary jaw, and has its pivotal end fitted in a recess, a, in said stationary j aw, the recess being extended, as at ar', to permit the play of the shank portion of the movable jaw. The biting-face b oi' the stationary jaw is elliptical, and that, c, of the movable jaw is recessed in V form, so as to form a deep seat for the pipe or other article to be grasped, and said biting-faces are serrated, the serrations of the two faces extending in reverse directions.

D represents the pivotal bolt of the jaw C, the same being squared at theoenter of its length to enter a squared opening in said jaw, and the portions on opposite side-sof the jaw are cylindrical and enter cylindrical openings in the base of the stationary jaw, whereby yond the sides oi the jaw B, and to said ends lmovable jaw so as to force the same toward the stationary jaw.

On the ends of the bolt D are lcaps F F, of dishing form, which inclose the springs E,

thus protecting and concealing the same and v preventing contact of the hands therewith. Vth one end of the bolt is formed the cap F, and with the other end is connected the cap F, the connection being accomplished by heading or riveting said end flush with the cap. Should the end be projected beyond the cap, it may be threaded for engagement of a nut, it being seen that the caps abut against the opposite sides oi' the stationary jaw, and turn thereon; and, vbeing fixed to the bolt, prevent displacement thereof.

It will be seen that when the wrench is presented to the pipe, &c., to be grasped, as shownby the dotted iigure at the left hand or" the jaws in Figs. l and 2, and the wrench is forced against the pipe, the movable jaw yields Vand opens the space between the same andthe stationary. jaw until the pipe is enabled to enter the recess c, the movable jaw then closing on the pipe and forcing it against the face b. By operating the wrench the bite of the jaws is powerfully increased, and the pipe thereby forcibly grasped and readily turned by the wrench. By operating the wrench in reversed direction the jaws ride freely over the pipe, and are enabled `to take fresh hold of the latter without being removed therefrom vfor said purpose. W hen longer pipe, dic., is to be grasped, the movable jaws separate tol a greater extent until the pipe is enabled to enter the recess c, and as the biting face b of the stationary jaw extends in a curve from its outer end` to the base, it is evident that, as the movable jaw opens to an increased extent, the space between the biting-faces of the jaws proportionatclvlincreases, and thus larger pipe, the., may be introduced, the jaws, however, closing thereon and ,grasping the same, similar to that first above stated, excepting that the bite of the stationarj-7 jaw is en erted farther back. Y

Having thus described our invention, What jaw .receiving` said springs7 which are secured 1o We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letto the stationary jawand the axial bolt, subters Patent, isstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

A Wrench'eonsisting of a stationary jaw, a FRANK A SCHRAMM 5 handle a pivotal jaw, coiled springs andI caps, the axial bolt of the pivotal being AMBROSIUS MODERY' extended beyond the sides of the stationary Vitnesses: jaw, and having said caps attached to its ends, I JOHNA. WIEDERSHEIM, the space between the caps and stationary A. P. GRANT. 

